We Are in for It: The First Battle of Kernstown, March 23, 1862: Ecelbarger, Gary L.: 9781572490536: Books - Amazon.ca On March 22nd, Colonel Turner Ashby, commander of the 7th Virginia Cavalry, skirmished with Federal outposts south of Winchester. The Pritchard House Story. Eventually, despite taking heavy casualties, Tyler finally got his five regiments into one long line of battle, and together with the reinforcements sent by Kimball, the disparity in numbers began to tell. At the First Battle of Kernstown (March 23, 1862), fought a few miles south of Winchester, the Federals stopped Jackson's advance and then counterattacked, turning his left flank and forcing him to retreat. CWSAC: Kernstown, First CWSAC Reference #: VA101 - Preservation Priority: I.3 (Class B) ( Submitted on 06/19/2016 by ). First Battle of Kernstown marker.JPG. "Stonewall" Jackson's campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War.. South of Winchester, near the small hamlet of Kernstown, Federal outposts watched as Ashby’s 7th Virginia Cavalry approached again, accompanied by an artillery battery and four companies of the 2nd Virginia Infantry. The First Battle of Kernstown on March 23, 1862 was the opening battle of “Stonewall” Jackson’s famous Valley Campaign. Jackson accused Garnett of disobeying orders - although Jackson had provided no guidance or issued any orders - had Garnett arrested for “neglect of duty,” and on April 1st, relieved Garnett of command of the brigade. Battle of Kernstown signs.JPG. In command of the Federal troops facing Ashby was Colonel Nathan Kimball. This Confederate force began to arrive around 2 p.m., and as his men rested following an exhausting march, Jackson reconnoitered the Union position. Within yards of the Union position at the “Angle,” Garnett was shot down. First Battle of Kernstown Winchester March 23, 1862 Outcome: Union Victory The First Battle of Kernstown was Jackson’s only tactical defeat in the Valley. Kernstown, First . Observing this from the rear, Jackson had staff officer Sandie Pendleton ride to Sandy Ridge, to further reconnoiter the Union position on Pritchard’s Hill. However, the First Battle of … The First Battle of Kernstown was fought on March 23, 1862, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia, the opening battle of Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Sign up to receive emails with our resources for educators to support their work – in the classroom and online. Your tax-deductible gift will help us to preserve this irreplaceable twice-hallowed ground at Gaines' Mill and Cold Harbor — forever. “Stonewall” Jackson, commander of Confederate forces in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, faced a dilemma in early March 1862. FirstBattleofKernstown TheFirst Battle of Kernstown wasfoughtonMarch 23,1862,inFrederickCountyandWinchester,Virginia, theopeningbattleofConfederateMaj.Gen.ThomasJ. General Robert E. Lee, realizing the need for capable officers, ordered Jackson to release Garnett from arrest, and in September 1862, assigned Garnett to take command of George E. Pickett’s brigade, Pickett still recovering from a wound suffered at Gaines Mill. The Kernstown Battlefield is a 315-acre pristine Civil War battlefield site with comprehensive visitor ... Kernstown History. "Stonewall" Jackson 's campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War . Jackson sent Ashby forward on his right, and attacked Kimball from his left with two infantry brigades, including his namesake Stonewall Brigade. “We are in for it.” Indeed they were. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. When Pendleton returned to report his findings, the news was grim – he told Jackson he believed they were facing as many as 10,000 enemy troops. Jackson was furious with Garnett for doing this, and later would bring Garnett up for charges (see below on Garnett), but it was the right decision, and as evening fell, the Confederates withdrew south on the Valley Pike. Despite the tactical defeat, however, Jackson had achieved a strategic victory. When some of the Union troops were sent east in early March, Jackson went on the offensive. This was Major General Thomas J. Jackson’s first major battle in command of his own army. While Kimball and Ashby sparred, Jackson was leading the rest of his command north from Strasburg, nearly twenty miles to the south. Winchester was still home to General James Shields’s division of nearly 8,000 Union soldiers. In addition, 73 guns were lost. This Confederate force began to arrive around 2 p.m., and as his men rested after their exhausting march, Jackson reconnoitered the Union position. Instead of advancing his brigade in one line of battle, with his regiments lined up side by side, Tyler had them advance one behind the other. They skirmished there with Confederate cavalry under Col. Turner Ashby on March 22 where Shields was wounded, and command fell upon Col. Nathan Kimball. Today in 1862, at the First Battle of Kernstown, Virginia, Confederate General Thomas J. This meant that only the leading regiment could fire on the Confederates behind the stonewall, and that the Federals would have to form their battle line while under fire. Jackson believed that he was attacking a small Federal rearguard that was withdrawing. This formation almost proved disastrous for the Union, only saved by reinforcements sent over by Kimball and the heavy artillery fire from Pritchard’s Hill. Media in category "First Battle of Kernstown" The following 11 files are in this category, out of 11 total. heard such a roar of musketry ” -Stonewall Jackson after the First Battle of Kernstown It was cold that Sunday, the 23 rd day of March 1862. After several hours of battle, the Confederates started to run low on ammunition, and although no orders arrived from Jackson to do so, Garnett ordered a retreat from Sandy Ridge. The next day, Kimball established a defensive position at Kernstown on the outskirts of Winchester. Richard Garnett stayed in the U.S. Army until the outbreak of the war, resigning his commission on May 17, 1861, then returning to Virginia to fight for his state and the Confederacy. Now, together with the reinforcements sent by Kimball, the disparity in numbers began to tell. Observing this from the rear, Jackson had his staff officer, Sandie Pendleton, ride to Sandy Ridge to further reconnoiter the Union position on Pritchard’s Hill. Preserve 108 Acres of the Most Important Unprotected Battlefield Land! American Battlefield Trust’s map of the Battle of First Kernstown The Union defensive line placed by Col. Nathan Kimball on the north edge of Kernstown straddled the Valley Turnpike as it approached Winchester, four miles north. First Battle of Kernstown Marker. 2nd Battle of Kernstown. However, Ashby’s information was wrong. Kernstown would end up being Jackson’s only defeat during his two years of service in the Confederate army, and the battle marked the first of his remarkable 1862 Shenandoah Valley Campaign. We suggest checking online or calling ahead as you plan your visits. (A historical marker located in Winchester in Winchester, Virginia.) 1st Battle of Kernstown. The Battle of Harpers Ferry saw the Confederates sustain 39 killed and 247 wounded while Union losses totaled 44 killed, 173 wounded, and 12,419 captured. Kimball brought more troops into the action, and placed ten rifled artillery pieces on Pritchard’s Hill, a dominant position just west of the Valley Pike. “We are in for it.” Indeed, they were. Ironically, following “Stonewall” Jackson’s death on May 10, 1863, Garnett served as one of the pallbearers at the funeral (other pallbearers included James Longstreet and Richard Ewell). Kernstown, First Civil War battle summary. Thus, on March 11, 1862, when Banks advanced south towards Winchester, Jackson led his outnumbered command south to Mount Jackson. As a result, Lincoln ordered substantial reinforcements, troops originally meant to support McClellan’s campaign against Richmond, sent back to the Valley. B. Lyon, 1904. The Lincoln administration, always sensitive about the safety of the Federal capital, had heard that Jackson’s command was much larger than it was and worried that the Confederate general might intend to invade Maryland. First Battle of Kernstown sign 1.JPG. : The First Battle of Kernstown: Ecelbarger, Gary L.: 9781572492950: Books - Amazon.ca Despite taking heavy casualties, Tyler eventually got his five regiments into one long line of battle. History of the Twelfth Corps, Battle of Kernstown. Garnett led that brigade ably during the September 1862 Maryland Campaign. During the Battle of Kernstown, Garnett directed the Confederate defense of Sandy Ridge, and as his men began to run low on ammunition – and facing a much larger enemy force – he ordered a retreat from that position. At Gettysburg on July 3, 1863, during “Pickett’s Charge,” Garnett’s Virginians were in the front line of Pickett’s division. However, retreat was the right decision, and as evening fell, the Confederates withdrew south on the Valley Pike. First Kernstown Frederick County, VA | Mar 23, 1862 In the spring of 1862, Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson maneuvered his 3,800-man division in the lower Shenandoah Valley, tying up a larger Union force sent there to contain him. In command of the Federal troops facing Ashby was Colonel Nathan Kimball. That struggle, on the first Sunday in spring, marked the first military contest ever waged in the Shenandoah Valley. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 53,000 acres in 24 states! Seeing the Confederates advance to Sandy Ridge, Kimball soon countered his opponent’s move by ordering Colonel Erastus Tyler’s brigade to attack the Confederates there. Inscription. Source: Fox, William F. In Memoriam: Henry Warner Slocum.Albany, NY: J. He reported back to Jackson that most of Banks’s force was leaving the Valley and that only a small number of Federal troops remained in Winchester. There are farm buildings which are used as a Visitor Center and Museum, and an Exhibit Barn with a fantastic mural that should get even more attention, plus cannons. The capture of the Harpers Ferry garrison represented the Union Army's largest surrender of the war and the US Army's largest until the fall of Bataan in 1942. Late in the day, the Confederates, low on ammunition, pulled back without Jackson's orders. March 23, 1862 “ I do not recollect of ever having . The First American President: Setting the Precedent, Preserve 28 Acres at Two Critical Eastern Theater Battlefields. The First Battle of Kernstown was fought on March 23, 1862, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia, the opening battle of Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Every purchase supports the mission. First Battle of Kernstown sign 2.JPG. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. Seeing the Confederate advance to Sandy Ridge, Kimball soon countered his opponent’s move by ordering Colonel Erastus Tyler’s brigade to attack the Confederates there. The First Battle of Kernstown was fought on March 23, 1862, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia, the opening battle of Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. “Say nothing about it,” Jackson told Pendleton. The First Battle of Kernstown, fought by 10,000 Americans on March 23, 1862, was the first battle waged in the Shenandoah Valley. First Battle of Kernstown - March 23, 1862. Despite this Union victory, President Lincoln was disturbed by Jackson’s threat to Washington and redirected substantial reinforcements to the Valley, depriving McClellan’s army of these troops. Despite the Union victory in the first battle of Jackson's 1862 Valley Campaign, President Abraham Lincoln was disturbed by Jackson’s threat to Washington and returned Union reinforcements to the Valley. The Kernstown Battlefield Association owns and operates the Kernstown Battlefield on the 1854 Pritchard-Grim Farm 3 miles south of downtown Winchester... Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. Find link is a tool written by Edward Betts.. searching for First Battle of Kernstown 6 found (56 total) alternate case: first Battle of Kernstown Kernstown I Union order of battle (60 words) exact match in snippet view article find links to article The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the First Battle of Kernstown of the American Civil War. Battle of Kernstown historical marker, near Winchester.jpg. Please note that the locations and events listed on our itineraries do not reflect any potential closures due to COVID-19. The First Battle of Kernstown was fought on March 23, 1862 near Winchester Virginia. This formation almost proved disastrous for the Union, and only reinforcements sent over by Kimball, and the heavy artillery fire from Pritchard’s Hill saved Tyler. While Kimball and Ashby sparred, Jackson was leading the rest of his command north from Strasburg, nearly twenty miles to the south. For Jackson it had been a costly day – nearly 740 killed, wounded and captured, over 22 % of his force of some 3,700 engaged. It had been a costly day for Jackson – nearly 740 killed, wounded, and captured, over 22% of his force of some 3,700 engaged. Thus, Ashby’s attempts to outflank the Union forces were unsuccessful, and he had to pull back in the face of heavy artillery fire. First Battle of Kernstown June 11, 2015 For ten hours on March 23, 1862, 10,000 Americans from North and South battled each other on the rolling terrain three miles south of Winchester at Kernstown. The two brigades, those of Brigadier General Richard Garnett, who commanded the Stonewall Brigade, and Colonel Samuel Fulkerson, marched across the Middle Road to Sandy Ridge, and from there, went to outflank the Yankee position on Pritchard’s Hill. Thus, Jackson’s defeat at Kernstown actually accomplished what General Johnston wanted. At 9:00 A.M. on March 23, 1862, Confederate artillery unlimbered near the Valley Turnpike and fired on this height, called Pritchard's Hill, to begin the First Battle of Kernstown. Although this was a tactical defeat, Jackson had achieved a strategic victory. It was also his first independent battle – and his only tactical defeat. The 8,500 Federals, commanded by Col. Nathan Kimball, stopped Jackson at Kernstown and then counterattacked turning Jackson’s left flank and forcing him to retreat. Kimball counterattacked, but Jackson's men fought hard. Kimball placed his artillery on Pritchard’s Hill, an open elevation just north of the Pritchard-Grim estate. It had snowed a few days before … He determined that an attack against Pritchard’s Hill would not be advisable, so instead, Jackson ordered some of his artillery and two of his three brigades, to march west. In the spring of 1862, Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson maneuvered his 3,800-man division in the lower Shenandoah Valley, tying up a larger Union force sent there to contain him. Federal losses came to about 575, just over 8 % of the 7,200 engaged. Help Save 110 Acres at Three Civil War Battlefields, Kentuckians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation, Virginians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation, Battle of Kernstown: Stonewall Jackson's Only Defeat. “Stonewall” Jackson, commander of Confederate forces in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, faced a dilemma in early March 1862. Jackson was furious with Garnett for retreating, and would later bring Garnett up for charges (see below on Garnett). The fighting was chiefly west of the road and continued from early afternoon until nightfall. Stay up-to-date on the Trust's battlefield preservation efforts, travel tips, upcoming events, history content and more. Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. When Pendleton returned to report his findings, the news was grim – he told Jackson he believed they were facing as many as 10,000 enemy troops. As a result, Lincoln sent substantial reinforcements, troops originally meant to support McClellan’s campaign against Richmond, back to the Valley. As those Confederates reached Sandy Ridge, they took position behind a stonewall that stretched across the width of the ridge. This meant that only the leading regiment could fire on the Confederates behind the stonewall, and that the Federals would have to form their battle line while under fire. Garnett hoped to have his day in court, but had to wait until August 1862, when his court martial began. THE FIRST BATTLE OF KERNSTOWN. … Yet, Jackson could count on barely 4,000 under his command at Winchester, hardly enough to counter the 20,000 troops under Union General Nathaniel Banks. The proceedings were suspended, however, with the advent of military operations. When Pickett returned to the Army of Northern Virginia in late November 1862, he was given command of a division, and Garnett assumed permanent command of the brigade. Jackson was ordered by his superior, General Joseph E. Johnston, to prevent Union forces in the Valley from moving east to reinforce General George B. McClellan’s offensive against Richmond. Kimball brought more troops into the action, and placed ten rifled artillery pieces on Pritchard’s Hill, a dominant position just west of the Valley Pike. Download the official NPS app before your next visit. “Say nothing about it,” Jackson told Pendleton. When some of the Union troops were sent east in early March, Jackson went on the offensive. Brigadier General James Shields (wounded), SECOND BRIGADE, Colonel Jeremiah C. Sullivan, ARTILLERY, Lieutenant Colonel Philip Daum, GARNETT'S BRIGADE, Brigadier General Richard B. Garnett, FULKERSON'S BRIGADE, Col. Samuel V. Fulkerson. Jackson tried in vain to rally his outnumbered and outgunned troops. The Confederate guns unlimbered, and around 9 a.m., opened fire – the first shots of the Battle of Kernstown. Jackson realized this was an opportunity to strike back, regain control of Winchester, and potentially accomplish what General Johnston had ordered – to keep Union forces in the Valley – so he immediately started his division back north. Instead of advancing his brigade in one line of battle, with his regiments lined up side by side, Tyler had them advance one behind the other. After several hours of battle, the Confederates started to run low on ammunition, and although no orders arrived from Jackson to do so, Garnett ordered a retreat from Sandy Ridge. “Stonewall” Jackson suffers a rare defeat when his attack on Union forces in the Shenandoah Valley fails.. Gen. Thomas J. Jackson, CSA. As those Confederates reached Sandy Ridge, they took position behind a stonewall that stretched across the width of the ridge. Kimball had taken charge of Shields’s division after Shields had been wounded during the previous day’s action. The Union order of battle is shown separately. He determined that an attack against Pritchard’s Hill would not be advisable, so ordered some of his artillery and two of his three brigades, those of Brigadier General Richard Garnett, who commanded the Stonewall Brigade, and Colonel Samuel Fulkerson, to march west, across the Middle Road to Sandy Ridge, and from there, to outflank the Yankee position on Pritchard’s Hill. Defending Winchester were 8,500 Federals under Brig. The First Battle of Kernstown was fought on March 23, 1862, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia, the opening battle of Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. Stonewall Jackson's campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. Gen. James Shields. For some reason Garnett’s body was never identified after the battle, but it’s believed that in 1872, when the Confederate dead were recovered from the battlefield, that Garnett’s body was taken back to Richmond and re-interred in Hollywood Cemetery. change; Kernstown Battlefield Association: The Kernstown Battlefield Located at the Kernstown Battlefield, 610 Battle Park Drive, Winchester, Virginia 22602. General Thomas J. The following Confederate States Army units and commanders fought in the First Battle of Kernstown of the American Civil War. Sunday, March 23, 1862, broke cold and raw in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia; recently fallen snow still lay in patches on the ground. The First Battle of Kernstown was fought on March 23, 1862, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia during the American Civil War. Federal losses came to about 575, just over 8% of the 7,200 engaged. Location: Virginia, United States Date … Kimball had taken charge of Shields’s division after Shields had been wounded during the previous day’s action. Kernstown Battlefield includes 388 acres of battlefield land from the first and second battles, including the Pritchard House, built in 1854, and yes, therefore part of the battle. Thus Jackson’s defeat at Kernstown actually accomplished what General Johnston wanted. Family History. Was fought here Sunday, March 23, 1862 Confederates under Gen. T.J. “Stonewall” Jackson attacked Federals under Gen. James Shields. Richard Brooke Garnett- Born on November 21, 1817, in Essex County, Virginia. Ashby’s attempts to outflank the Union forces were unsuccessful, and he had to pull back in the face of heavy artillery fire. "Stonewall" Jackson 's campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. General Thomas J. Confederate General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson 's Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1862 was generally a success. We Are in for It! Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. Kernstown ended up being Jackson’s only defeat during his two years of service in the Confederate army, and the first of his remarkable 1862 Shenandoah Valley Campaign. Promoted to brigadier general in November of that year, Garnett was given command of the “Stonewall Brigade,” in the Valley District, where General “Stonewall” Jackson was in overall command. The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Sign up to receive email updates about our Warrior Legacy programming for veterans, active duty military and their families. 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